The
Critical Role of Women in Nigerian Politics
By
Rita K. Gonyok
rita_gonyok@yahoo.com
Over
the years women have been relegated to the background in issues of the
overall development especially in the developing nations like Nigeria.
This is borne out of the sentimental attachment on feminine gender.
Historical evidences are available to prove that the Nigerian women
have for long been playing crucial role in political life of the
country, and this has contributed in no small measure in shaping the
political system of the nation. For development of any kind to be
successful, a vantage position should be accorded the women, as they
constitute larger proportion of the population. In this regard, they
should not be left out in the issues of decision making that bothers
even on their lives as a people.
Today,
women are participating more actively in political issues than ever
before as a result of political re-awakening and awareness. More often
than not, they are besieged with challenges of which discrimination is
more rife. Majority of the men more on chauvinistic disposition are
preoccupied with the notion that decision making is exclusively for
the men folk while women are to be instructed on what to do. This idea
of seeing the women playing the number two role at homes has come to
play itself out in the political life of the people. And this ought
not to be so with regards to the ever dynamic nature of things
globally as women are now seeing in other communities as avant-garde
in developed nations. It is surprising that the same mindset of yester
years is still what is obtained in our country.
Despite the difficulties faced by women in
politics, they continue with their political ambition,
contributing enormously to the political and national development in
their own way as the challenges militating against them are not
present, although Nigeria is yet to have a female president. Women
over the years could be said to have recorded some measure of
appreciable political achievement in other political fields of
endeavors, meeting their political objectives with limited support and
resources at their disposal.
In
1957 during the pre-independence era of Nigeria, a couple of women
political activists such as, Mrs. Margaret Ekpo, Mrs. Janet Mokelu and
Ms. Young were members of the Eastern House of Assembly. The late
Mrs. Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti, though not a full-fledged politician, was
a very strong force to reckon with in the politics of the Western
Region. And Hajia Gambo Sawaba waged a fierce battle for the
political and cultural emancipation of women in the North. One can say
that women have always played viable political roles in Nigeria in
spite of all the limitations and encumbrances.
The
Babangida era marked a turning point in the
history of women struggle in Nigeria, when Maryam Babangida
institutionalized the office of the first lady in 1987. She became the
first working First Lady and launched the “Better Life for Rural
Women” program. Other women who have made impact in the country’s
political scene include, Mrs. Ngozi Okonjo Iweala former
minister of finance, who saved the
nation records of billions of Naira as
a result of her hard working nature as a public officer. Mrs. Obi
Ezekwesili also laid a land mark in the
history of Nigeria politics. Prof.. Dora Akunyili, the NAFDAC
boss has also performed credibly; leading the fight against
adulterated pharmaceutical drugs, her name can never be forgotten in
the annals of history. There are myriads of women in politics even
presently that have done very well and are still performing
excellently well.
Liberia’s head of
state Ellen Johnson Sir-leaf has made history as Africa’s first female
president. In the United States, Senator Hillary Clinton has made a
positive impact in America’s politics. Also the Republican Party’s
presidential candidate John McCain picked a woman - Sarah
Palin, the
Governor of Alaska as his running
mate for the U.S election. This could be seen as the strong factor
women constitute in the political parlance of any nation.
Today, many
countries of the world are making efforts to bridge the gap between
men and women in politics. But in Nigerian the representation of women
in Government even though has improved than before is still very low
compared to what obtains in other nations of the world, particularly
in the developed nations. The
representation of women in the last republic, 2003 election, was poor
only 3 women made it to 109 members senate house, while 21 were
elected in 360 members lower house of representatives. As it were, the
number of serving female Ministers is still very few.
There
is no doubt that women have some potentials and rights to contribute
meaningfully to the development of their country.
Therefore,
the Nigerian government should work towards
achieving gender equality in democratic governance, increase women
participation and access to politics. It must be realized that the
role of women as home makers can not be down played in that it equally
has an extended impact on their responsibility in service, the women
touch anywhere cannot be matched.
Rita k. Gonyok
Rita_gonyok@yahoo.com
National Press
Centre, Abuja
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